Nosebleeds, often seen in almost every age group, are frequently encountered in hot weather. Due to the rich blood vessels in the structure of the nose, injuries or traumas that may occur during nose picking, blowing, or sneezing can cause nosebleeds. Additionally, the use of certain blood-thinning medications can lead to nosebleeds that are difficult to stop.

Normally, nosebleeds are not a cause for concern, but in children and the elderly, frequent nosebleeds without any apparent reason can be an indicator of an underlying health issue. Nosebleeds, also known as epistaxis, occur due to the damage to the capillaries inside your nose. Many people, especially children and elderly adults, experience occasional nosebleeds.

While nosebleeds can be caused by factors like cold weather or injuries, if the bleeding is severe or prolonged, it is recommended to see a doctor as soon as possible.

 

Common causes of nosebleeds include:

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• Dry air

• Nose picking

• Trauma to the nose

• Acute sinusitis (sinus infection)

• Allergies

• High blood pressure

• Use of aspirin

• Blood disorders like hemophilia

• Blood-thinning medications

• Exposure to chemical substances like ammonia

• Chronic sinusitis

• Cocaine use

• Common cold

• Foreign object in the nose

• Nasal sprays used to treat allergies

• Kalıtsal hemorajik telanjiektazi

• İdiyopatik trombositopenik purpura (ITP)

• Leukemia

• Tumors in the nose and paranasal sinuses

• Nasal polyps

• Recent nasal surgery

• Pregnancy

• Deviated nasal septum

• Hormonal factors

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While nosebleeds can be a symptom on their own, they can also develop due to an underlying condition. In such cases, it is important to pay attention to additional symptoms accompanying nosebleeds, and if there are signs like dizziness or nausea, seeking medical attention promptly is necessary.

Nosebleeds can occur on either side of the nose or in the front or back of the nasal cavity. Anterior nosebleeds, occurring in the front, are usually short-lived and may result from conditions like infection, cold, or irritation. On the other hand, posterior nosebleeds may be a sign of serious conditions such as high blood pressure or tumors.

Accompanying symptoms with nosebleeds could be indicative of an underlying illness. If you experience the following symptoms, it is advisable to consult a doctor as soon as possible:

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• Excessive bleeding

• Impaired respiratory function due to bleeding

• Recurring nosebleeds

• Unilateral and frequent nosebleeds

• Nosebleeds lasting longer than 30 minutes

• Occurrence in children under two years old

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Treatment Methods

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If the nosebleed is not severe and does not lead to other health problems, simple home remedies can help stop the bleeding. However, if you experience frequent nosebleeds leading to symptoms of anemia, it is crucial to consult a doctor promptly.

If you find yourself facing a nosebleed, the first thing to do is to remain calm. Sit down and tilt your head forward at a 45-degree angle. Sitting upright reduces the blood pressure going to the vessels in the nose, preventing further bleeding.

Next, pinch your nose on both sides. Even if the bleeding is only on one side, make sure to pinch both sides of your nose. Pinching the nose is a highly effective method to stop the bleeding.

Apply pressure to your nose for 10 to 15 minutes, then check if the bleeding has stopped. If it continues, reapply pressure for another 10 to 15 minutes. If your nosebleed persists despite these measures, seek medical attention as soon as possible.

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